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21.
Timothée Schwartz Aurélien Besnard Christophe Pin Olivier Scher Thomas Blanchon Arnaud Béchet Nicolas Sadoul 《Conservation biology》2023,37(2):e14005
By rapidly modifying key habitat components, habitat restoration is at risk of producing attractive cues for animals without providing habitats of sufficient quality. As such, individual fitness components, such as reproduction, could be reduced and restored habitats could become ecological traps. This risk notably appears by using artificial constructions in restoration projects, yet few studies have evaluated their efficacy in a robust way. We investigated this by analyzing 154 islets that were created or restored to improve the conservation status of 7 colonial Laridae species in the South of France. From 2007 to 2016, we compared occupancy dynamics and breeding parameters of these species between the restored sites and 846 unmanaged nesting sites. We also explored species’ preference for different nesting site characteristics and their respective effect on breeding parameters. Restored nesting sites were 2–9 times as attractive as unmanaged sites for all species except the Black-headed Gull (Chroicocephalus ridibundus). Colonization probability was up to 100 times higher in sites already used by other species the previous year and increased with distance to the shore until >0.2 when distance was over 250 m. Abandonment probability was 29–70% lower when breeding was successful the previous year in all species except the Sandwich Tern (Thalasseus sandvicensis). Productivity and breeding success probability were 2 times higher on managed sites. Distance from the shore was an important attractive characteristic of artificial nesting sites in all species. Other nesting site characteristics had species-specific effects on colonization, abandonment, and breeding success. Our results indicate that managed nesting sites are successful conservation tools for colonial Laridae in the Mediterranean and do not act as ecological traps. Our study showed that testing the ecological trap hypothesis is a robust way to evaluate the success of restoration projects of breeding habitats. 相似文献
22.
模糊综合评判法在西部地区高速公路施工现场安全评判中的应用 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
目前随着高速公路建设的飞速发展,引发了施工现场的安全管理难度剧增,及时、正确地掌握和评判施工现场安全状况是预防和控制安全事故发生的有效途径。但公路施工领域安全评判涉及的因素很多,模糊性大、动态变化复杂是最显著的特性,因素之间互相作用使结果可变性很大,如何对受多种因素制约的事物或对象做出一个总体的评价是目前一个很重要的问题。模糊综合评判法可把定性评价转化为定量评价,能较好地解决模糊的、难以量化的问题。但由于该法使用的评语常带有模糊性,各影响因素的权重通常是专家凭经验给出,从而影响评判结果的客观性。而层次分析法适用于多方案或多目标的决策,可将定性与定量的分析相结合,可以减少评价中因主观性所带来的弊端,使评价结果更可信。本文在研究模糊综合评判法和层次分析法优缺点的基础上,将二者结合起来,建立西部地区高速公路施工现场安全状况评价的模型,利用该模型得出公路施工现场安全状况,为施工现场的安全管理和事故防治提供依据。 相似文献
23.
Rajendra Kumar Foolmaun Dinkar Sharma Chamilall 《Resources, Conservation and Recycling》2011,55(11):966-972
In Mauritius, solid waste disposal has been a cause for concern since the 1980s. Currently, there is no segregation of waste and some 1200 tonnes of solid waste are generated daily by the 1.24 million inhabitants of the island. As processes such as recycling and composting are still in their infancy stage, most of the waste generated have to be disposed of at the sole landfill. The solid waste management practices of 1980s and early 1990s are no longer compatible with the changing composition and quantity of wastes now generated. As a result, there is an urgency to review the whole waste management system and come forward with sustainable solutions.This paper presents an overview of the disposal of non-hazardous solid waste in Mauritius and provides recommendations for improving the current disposal system. 相似文献
24.
为了管理和风险评估污染场地,结合调查和评价应用中的管理工作流程,对污染场地数据库的设计方案进行了分析,其中包括数据标准的制定、数据库总体结构设计和数据表设计等;同时具体介绍了调查与评估信息系统的设计方案,包括系统设计目标、总体结构和功能模块设计等内容,为系统的构建进一步提供技术支持. 相似文献
25.
通过分析我国污染场地含水层监测现状和污染场地环境管理需求,指出我国污染场地含水层监测的不足之处并探讨了我国污染场地含水层监测技术研发趋势.当前,我国污染场地含水层监测主要以地下水监测为主,且监测仪器设备简陋陈旧、技术手段落后,不能满足数量日益增长的污染场地环境管理需求,急需发展一批新型、高效、经济、实用的监测技术和监测... 相似文献
26.
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28.
污染场地修复技术筛选方法及应用 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:4
污染场地修复技术的筛选是场地监管中的重要环节,修复技术的适用性直接影响场地修复效果及费用.确定最适修复技术时需综合考虑污染物特征、场地条件、修复费用及时间等多种因素,目前我国在污染场地修复技术筛选时多依赖专家赋值评分,在决策方法的推广上受到限制.本文在国内外相关研究基础上,考虑我国污染场地监管需求,提出土壤修复技术初筛及详细评价方法,并建立了修复技术筛选指标体系.为解决在各指标赋值及评价过程中存在的模糊性问题,利用可拓理论进行修复技术等级划分.以我国某铬渣污染场地为例,开展了土壤修复技术筛选研究,提出了最适的修复技术,研究成果可为我国污染场地监管工作提供科技支撑. 相似文献
29.
道路交通噪声自动监测应用探讨 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
结合城市道路路网状况及实际噪声监测数据和历史实验数据,对道路交通噪声自动监测数据的有效性、监测点位布设进行了研究,对道路交通噪声监测点位优化提出建议。 相似文献
30.
Shinya Inazumi Hiroyasu Ohtsu Yu Otake Makoto Kimura Masashi Kamon 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2009,11(1):55-64
An evaluation method that can express the local leakage of leachate from joint sections in steel pipe sheet pile (SPSP) cutoff
walls is discussed in this study. In particular, the evaluation of environmental feasibility (containment of leachates containing
toxic substances) considering a three-dimensional arrangement and hydraulic conductivity distribution of the joint sections
in the SPSP cutoff wall is compared with an evaluation that uses the equivalent hydraulic conductivity. This equivalent hydraulic
conductivity assumes that the joint section and the steel pipe are integrated; therefore, the hydraulic conductivity is substituted
with a uniform permeable layer. However, in an evaluation that employs the equivalent hydraulic conductivity, it is difficult
to consider the local leakage of leachate containing toxic substances from the joint sections in the SPSP cutoff wall. It
was established that evaluations of the environmental feasibility of SPSP cutoff walls with joint sections must take into
account the local leakage of leachates containing toxic substances from the joint sections. Also, it was clarified that technologies
that lower the hydraulic conductivities of joint sections in SPSP cutoff walls and also facilitate the use of sparser joint
arrangements contribute significantly to increasing the environmental feasibility of SPSP cutoff walls at landfill sites. 相似文献